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Check out the key developments from July 2025 below.
Electricity generation
EU electricity generation reached 225 TWh in July, up 12.13 TWh from June. However, renewable output fell by 5.93 TWh to 112 TWh, reducing the renewable share to 49.6% — just below the symbolic 50% threshold. Solar generation declined by around 5.2% month-on-month, while wind output dropped more sharply, down 14.6%.
At the national level, Poland recorded the steepest fall in renewable generation. In July, coal and gas together accounted for 60% of Poland’s electricity mix — 50% from coal and 10% from gas. Germany saw the largest absolute decline in renewable output, down 4.3 TWh, while most other Member States experienced smaller reductions. Taken together, the falls in Germany and Poland played a decisive role in pulling down the EU’s overall renewable share.
Compared with Summer 2024, however, total renewable generation increased by 1.83 TWh, showing that despite monthly fluctuations, year-on-year growth remains positive.
Electricity demand
EU electricity demand rose by 5.6% in July compared with June, and was 1.03% higher than in July 2024. The Iberian Peninsula saw some of the sharpest gains: demand in Portugal increased by 9% month-on-month and by around 5% year-on-year, while Spain recorded rises of 6% and 5% respectively. These trends likely reflect stronger cooling demand.
At the national level, all Member States except Denmark, Sweden, Poland, and Belgium recorded month-on-month increases. Poland posted the steepest fall, with demand dropping by 10.2% — equivalent to around 1.5 TWh — marking the largest decline among the EU27.
EU monthly CO2eq intensity
The EU’s average CO₂ intensity rose to 158.67 gCO₂/kWh in July, up 19% from June’s 133 gCO₂/kWh. Compared with July 2024, the figure was slightly lower, marking only a modest year-on-year reduction. This reversal — the first monthly increase since February, when intensity stood at 219 gCO₂/kWh — appears driven by a reduced renewable share in the generation mix.
Yet not all Member States followed this trend. Sweden, Finland, and Spain recorded decreases in intensity. In Finland, the decline came despite lower renewable generation, as a higher share of nuclear output offset the drop.
Day-ahead electricity prices
Day-ahead electricity prices in the EU rose in July, averaging €80.25/MWh — up from €69.8/MWh in June, yet still below the €84.5/MWh seen a year earlier. The increase appears linked to stronger demand, although patterns varied by country. Spain and Portugal stood out: despite registering the sharpest rises in demand, prices in both markets edged down slightly — by 2.6% in Spain and 4.2% in Portugal — likely reflecting a surge in solar output compared with June. Across the EU27, however, overall solar generation fell.
The occurrence of negative prices was lower compared to previous month due to higher demand and lower renewable generation.in July 2024. Italy and Greece once again avoided any negative hours entirely, while Germany and Luxembourg posted the largest month-on-month drop — recording only 12 hours, 129 fewer than in June. Negative price severity also eased: July’s lowest reading was -€11.97/MWh, a marked improvement from -€132.95/MWh the previous month.
Cross-border flows
France maintained its position as the EU’s leading power exporter, while Italy remained the largest importer. Sweden was the second-biggest exporter, in line with June’s pattern. Norway continued to operate as a net exporter to the EU.
Check all the data here or contact Mohammed Abi Afthab Olikathodi (aolikathodi@eurelectric.org)
Disclaimer: The latest estimates for electricity generation, demand and CO2 intensity are provided by Eurelectric, based on the most recent hourly data from ENTSO-E and monthly data from Eurostat of the previous year. These figures are subject to slight revisions as actual data becomes available. The aggregate statistics mentioned here refer to the EU-27.